Now I will show you how to add and subtract things like 

18°, 35', and 29" + 22°, 55', and 41".  

The degrees (°) will represent hours, the ' will represent minutes, and the " seconds.  (It looks hard, but trust me once you catch on you can do it in your sleep :) just stick with me and YOU WILL BE OK!)


     18°, 35', and 29"
 +  22°, 55', and 41".  
-------------------------
    40°  90'   and  70"              I just added these like normal numbers.  

                                             It reads 40 hours, 90 minutes 70   seconds.  This isn't pretty to look at.  We
                                            should never have more than 60 minutes or 60 seconds because 
                                            60 minutes= 1 hour and 60 seconds=1 minute.  
                                           We need to rearrange a couple things
   ---------------------- 
   41°  30'   and  70"       
                                            Here, I took the 90'-60' (90 minutes minus 60 minutes (which equals one hour)
                                            to make it look nicer.  Because 60 minutes= 1 hour.  So 90'-60= 30' (minutes).
                                            I told you that I took 60 minutes from the minutes ' which equals one hour
                                             So I added 40°+1° or 40 hours+ 1 hour from the minutes we used to equal
                                             41 hours.  We still have one number higher than 60 which is 70" (seconds).

41 hours,  30 minutes,  70 seconds
41°            30'              70"
-------------------------------

41°            31'              10"            THIS IS YOUR ANSWER

 (OR 41 hours, 31 minutes, and 10 seconds)
How did I find this answer?  Well I told you that 70 seconds is over 60.  So we need to take the 70" (seconds) and minus 60 from it (70"-60"=10).  Then since we took 60 seconds away 60 seconds=1 minute so we add a minute.  30' (minutes) + 1' (minute)=  31 minutes.

With a little practice you too can become a pro!  Subtraction is easier.  Let's take a look...

  15°  29'
-  3°  45'
------------    First can you minus 29 from 45?  No you cant.  So you need to borrow from the 15.
                      Make the 15° (hours) 14° (hours).  1 hour=60 seconds so add 60' to 29'
                      60' (minutes)+ 29' (minutes)= 89'  We now have something like this...

  14°  89'
-  3°  45'
--------------  Now it's just simple subtraction to get your answer

ANSWER:  11°  44' (or 11 hours and 44 minutes)